Free-hand interaction becomes a common technique forinteracting with large displays. At the same time; providing haptic feedback for free-hand interaction is stilla challenge, particularly feedback with dierentcharacteristics (i.e., strengths, patterns) to conveyparticular information. We see electrical musclestimulation (EMS) as a well-suited technology forproviding haptic feedback in this domain. Thecharacteristics of EMS can be used to assist users inlearning, manipulating, and perceiving virtual objects.One of the core challenges is to understand thesecharacteristics and how they can be applied. As a step inthis direction, this paper presents a design space thatidenties dierent aspects of using EMS for hapticfeedback. The design space is meant as a basis for futureresearch investigating how particular characteristics can beexploited to provide specic haptic feedback.    «

Free-hand interaction becomes a common technique forinteracting with large displays. At the same time; providing haptic feedback for free-hand interaction is stilla challenge, particularly feedback with dierentcharacteristics (i.e., strengths, patterns) to conveyparticular information. We see electrical musclestimulation (EMS) as a well-suited technology forproviding haptic feedback in this domain. Thecharacteristics of EMS can be used to assist users inlearning, manipulating, and perceiving vi...    »