Energy loss and energy straggling of 60 MeV 58Ni ions in ultrathin carbon foils (0.8 to 30 μg/cm2) have been measured with a Q3D magnetic spectrograph in dependence on the incident and analysed charge state of the ions. The stopping power in the first few atomic layers deviates significantly from the value in larger depths and can be scaled with the square of the incident charge state q. For larger depths the stopping power coincides with the tabulated value for all measured charge states. From this difference in the stopping power an average charge state    «

Energy loss and energy straggling of 60 MeV 58Ni ions in ultrathin carbon foils (0.8 to 30 μg/cm2) have been measured with a Q3D magnetic spectrograph in dependence on the incident and analysed charge state of the ions. The stopping power in the first few atomic layers deviates significantly from the value in larger depths and can be scaled with the square of the incident charge state q. For larger depths the stopping power coincides with the tabulated value for all measured charge states. From...    »